Yeast Infection

A vaginal yeast infection is a common fungal infection caused by the overgrowth of Candida yeast, which naturally exists in the vagina. Symptoms include intense itching, irritation, redness, swelling, and a thick, white discharge resembling cottage cheese.

Why do vaginal yeast infections happen?

Yeast infections occur when the balance of bacteria and yeast in the vagina is disrupted. Common causes include:

• Antibiotics: Eliminating beneficial bacteria that control yeast growth.
• Hormonal changes: Pregnancy, birth control, or menstruation.
• Weakened immunity: Illness or steroid use.
• Diabetes: High blood sugar levels encourage yeast growth.
• Lifestyle factors: Wearing tight clothing, douching, or consuming a high-sugar diet.

How is a yeast infection diagnosed?

Healthcare providers diagnose a yeast infection through:

• Symptoms review: Discussing discomfort, itching, and discharge.
• Pelvic examination: Checking for redness, swelling, and irritation.
• Microscopic testing: Analyzing a sample of vaginal discharge for Candida.

Proper diagnosis is critical to rule out other infections like bacterial vaginosis or sexually transmitted diseases.

How do I treat a vaginal yeast infection?

Treatment options depend on the severity of the infection:

• Mild infections: Over-the-counter antifungal creams, ointments, or suppositories (e.g., miconazole or clotrimazole).
• Moderate to severe cases: Prescription oral antifungal medications like fluconazole.
• Recurrent infections: Long-term antifungal therapy or evaluation for underlying conditions.

Following treatment instructions carefully ensures complete recovery and prevents recurrence.

Prevention

To reduce the risk of developing vaginal yeast infections, consider the following steps:

• Maintain good hygiene: Avoid scented products like douches and sprays.
• Wear breathable fabrics: Choose cotton underwear and loose-fitting clothes.
• Control blood sugar: Especially if you have diabetes.
• Limit dampness: Change out of wet clothes or swimsuits promptly.
• Use antibiotics wisely: Only as prescribed.
• Adopt a healthy diet: Reduce sugar intake to discourage yeast growth.

Addressing risk factors and maintaining a balanced vaginal environment can significantly lower the chances of developing yeast infections.

If you experience frequent or severe infections, consult a healthcare provider for tailored treatment and advice.